Early Childhood

Making Teaching Visible: Documenting Individual and Group Learning as Professional Develop

How can careful consideration of groups at work enhance the learning of preschool, elementary, and middle school students and their teachers? Building on research conducted with educators from the Municipal Infant-toddler Centers and Preschools of Reggio Emilia, Italy, researchers from Project Zero collaborated with pre-Kindergarten to grade 8 teachers in Massachusetts to examine how ideas developed in Italian preschools could enhance preschool, elementary, and middle-school education in the United States. Making Teaching Visible includes the stories of what the teachers learned through documentation and provides a framework for considering how documentation of individual and group learning can serve as professional development. Because it also contains thoughts on how to support this type of professional development, it provides a valuable tool for making classrooms and schools more powerful learning environments. 

Multiple Intelligences: Best Ideas from Research and Practice

This work shows teachers and administrators how to successfully integrate Multiple Intelligences into their schools and classrooms. Based on a national investigation of more than 40 schools and on detailed case studies, this book illustrates how teachers in real-life situations in a range of different public schools were able to construct and implement curricula that enabled students to learn challenging disciplinary content through multiple intelligences. It also shows how the organizational practices within these teachers schools supported strong classroom work. Written in a clear, practical style, this book highlights how educators everywhere can both integrate MI theory and foster exceptional student work. This book will be an invaluable resource for soon-to-be as well as practicing teachers and administrators. ISBN: 978-0205342594

Making Thinking Visible (Article)

Making Learning Visible: Children as Individual and Group Learners

In this richly-illustrated book, the culmination of a two-year research collaboration between teachers and pedagogues from Reggio Emilia and researchers from Project Zero illuminates ways in which documentation can foster both individual and group learning, creating a relationship between them. They identify methods and processes that will enable educators to reflect not only on the learning processes of children but also on those of adults. 

Examples of documentation to aid teachers' own reflections

Documentation collected for this purpose helps teachers stay close to students' learning and interests by enabling them to revisit a learning experience. It leads teachers to compare what they thought would happen to what really went on and informs decisions about where to go next. Sharing this kind of documentation with others reduces the subjectivity of a single person's analysis and interpretation and can deepen understanding. This form of documentation is the least shaped (or the most "raw") of the three types described here. Reviewing this type of documentation often influences the amount of time a group spends on a topic and the level of student involvement in shaping the learning experience.

Below are examples of the documentation and practices with varying age groups.